Publications

A continuing international process is needed to monitor and advise this rapidly progressing field.

Neurodevelopmental disorders that cause cognitive, behavioural or motor impairments affect around 15% of children and adolescents …

The ability to spatially map multiple layers of omics information across developmental timepoints enables exploration of the mechanisms …

The development of the human neocortex is highly dynamic, involving complex cellular trajectories controlled by gene regulation(1). …

Recent transcriptomic studies have categorized mouse retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) into 45 types; however, little is known about their …

Germline genetic architecture of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) indicates microglial mechanisms of disease susceptibility and outcomes. …

Duplication 15q (dup15q) syndrome is a leading genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder, offering a key model for studying …

Prenatal nicotine exposure impairs fetal cortical grey matter volume, but the precise cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. …

Neuronal subtype generation in the mammalian central nervous system is governed by competing genetic programs. The medial ganglionic …

As the field of neural organoids and assembloids expands, there is an emergent need for guidance and advice on designing, conducting …

The Human Cell Atlas (HCA) is a global partnership “to create comprehensive reference maps of all human cells-the fundamental …

Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) is a devastating neurodevelopmental condition affecting preterm infants, but why blood vessels in this …

The vasculature of the central nervous system is a 3D lattice composed of laminar vascular beds interconnected by penetrating vessels. …

During development, neural stem cells in the cerebral cortex, also known as radial glial cells (RGCs), generate excitatory neurons, …

The temporal lobe of the human brain contains the entorhinal cortex (EC). This region of the brain is a highly interconnected …

The development and diversity of neuronal subtypes in the human hypothalamus has been insufficiently characterized. To address this, we …

We analyzed >700,000 single-nucleus RNA sequencing profiles from 106 donors during prenatal and postnatal developmental stages and …

Radial glial (RG) development is essential for cerebral cortex growth and organization. In humans, the outer radial glia (oRG) subtype …

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most common focal epilepsy. One-third of patients have drug-refractory seizures and are …

The molecular mechanisms and evolutionary changes accompanying synapse development are still poorly understood(1,2). Here we generate a …

Chronic neurodegeneration and acute injuries lead to neuron losses via diverse processes. We compared retinal ganglion cell (RGC) …

Using machine learning (ML), we interrogated the function of all human-chimpanzee variants in 2,645 human accelerated regions (HARs), …

Mutations in the human progranulin (GRN) gene are a leading cause of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). While previous studies …

Radial glial cells, the stem cells of the cerebral cortex, extend a long basal fiber that ends in basal endfeet. A new study in PLOS …

Altered bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is associated with many musculoskeletal diseases. However, it remains unknown …

Apical-basal progenitor cell polarity establishes key features of the radial and laminar architecture of the developing human cortex. …

Interactions between angiogenesis and neurogenesis regulate embryonic brain development. However, a comprehensive understanding of the …

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted via mosquitoes and sex to cause congenital neurodevelopmental defects, including …

Self-organizing three-dimensional cellular models derived from human pluripotent stem cells or primary tissue have great potential to …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) readily infects a variety of cell types impacting the function of …

Organoids are 3D cell culture systems derived from human pluripotent stem cells that contain tissue resident cell types and reflect …

Human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells (hESC-RPE) are a promising cell source to treat age-related macular …

Greater transcultural and transdisciplinary engagement within Muslim contexts and deliberate inclusion of diverse Muslim voices in the …

The human cortex contains inhibitory interneurons derived from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), a germinal zone in the embryonic …

The lipidome is currently understudied but fundamental to life. Within the brain, little is known about cell-type lipid heterogeneity, …

Synaptic refinement is a critical physiological process that removes excess synapses to establish and maintain functional neuronal …

The human brain is subdivided into distinct anatomical structures, including the neocortex, which in turn encompasses dozens of …

Nuclear compartments are thought to play a role in three-dimensional genome organization and gene expression. In mammalian brain, the …

The Human Developmental Cell Atlas (HDCA) initiative, which is part of the Human Cell Atlas, aims to create a comprehensive reference …

Studies of the spatiotemporal, transcriptomic, and morphological diversity of radial glia (RG) have spurred our current models of human …

The human cortex comprises diverse cell types that emerge from an initially uniform neuroepithelium that gives rise to radial glia, the …

Aberrant aggregation of the RNA-binding protein TDP-43 in neurons is a hallmark of frontotemporal lobar degeneration caused by …

Lineage-specific epigenomic changes during human corticogenesis have been difficult to study owing to challenges with sample …

During brain development, the daughter cells of neural stem cells have to make a choice - either to become new stem cells or to …

CD19-directed immunotherapies are clinically effective for treating B cell malignancies but also cause a high incidence of …

Innovations in organoid-based models of human tissues have made them an exciting experimental platform for studying development and …

Outer radial glial (oRG) cells are a population of neural stem cells prevalent in the developing human cortex that contribute to its …

Human cerebral cortex size and complexity has increased greatly during evolution. While increased progenitor diversity and enhanced …

To discover regulatory elements driving the specificity of gene expression in different cell types and regions of the developing human …

BACKGROUND: Studies of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have revealed a strong multigenic basis with the identification …

Medulloblastoma (MB) is a neoplasm linked to dysregulated cerebellar development. Previously, we demonstrated that the Sonic Hedgehog …

Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the prenatal neocortex progressively generate different subtypes of glutamatergic projection neurons. …

Cortical organoids are self-organizing three-dimensional cultures that model features of the developing human cerebral cortex(1,2). …

Glioblastoma is a devastating form of brain cancer. To identify aspects of tumor heterogeneity that may illuminate drivers of tumor …

Accurate RNA quantification at the single-cell level is critical for understanding the dynamics of gene expression and regulation …

Although tumor-propagating cells can be derived from glioblastomas (GBM) of the proneural and mesenchymal subtypes, a glioma stem-like …

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is an X-linked leukodystrophy caused by mutations in Proteolipid Protein 1 (PLP1), encoding a major …

The cerebral cortex constitutes more than half the volume of the human brain and is presumed to be responsible for the neuronal …

Neuroserpin is a serine-protease inhibitor mainly expressed in the CNS and involved in the inhibition of the proteolytic cascade. …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease with a relapsing-remitting disease course at early stages, distinct lesion …

The human amygdala grows during childhood, and its abnormal development is linked to mood disorders. The primate amygdala contains a …

The cerebral cortex is the hallmark of the mammalian nervous system, and its large size and cellular diversity in humans support our …

Despite the clinical and genetic heterogeneity of autism, bulk gene expression studies show that changes in the neocortex of autism …

In the developing human neocortex, progenitor cells generate diverse cell types prenatally. Progenitor cells and newborn neurons …

Direct comparisons of human and non-human primate brains can reveal molecular pathways underlying remarkable specializations of the …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate many cellular events during brain development by interacting with hundreds of mRNA transcripts. However, …

BACKGROUND: High throughput methods for profiling the transcriptomes of single cells have recently emerged as transformative approaches …

The neocortex of primates, including humans, contains more abundant and diverse inhibitory neurons compared with rodents, but the …

Genetic changes causing brain size expansion in human evolution have remained elusive. Notch signaling is essential for radial glia …

Genomic association studies of common or rare protein-coding variation have established robust statistical approaches to account for …

New neurons continue to be generated in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the adult mammalian hippocampus. This process has …

BACKGROUND: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant in gliomas and immunosuppressive TAMs are a barrier to emerging …

Systematic analyses of spatiotemporal gene expression trajectories during organogenesis have been challenging because diverse cell …

The recent advent of methods for high-throughput single-cell molecular profiling has catalyzed a growing sense in the scientific …

A comprehensive characterization of neuronal cell types, their distributions, and patterns of connectivity is critical for …

Understanding the development and dysfunction of the human brain is a major goal of neurobiology. Much of our current understanding of …

Classical lissencephaly is a genetic neurological disorder associated with mental retardation and intractable epilepsy, and …

The evolution of the human brain has been characterized by an increase in the size of the neocortex. Underlying this expansion is a …

To understand how diverse progenitor cells contribute to human neocortex development, we examined forebrain progenitor behaviour using …

The rapid spread of Zika virus (ZIKV) and its association with abnormal brain development constitute a global health emergency. …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and …

Sensory experience evokes long-lasting changes in neural circuits through activity-dependent gene expression. Ataman et al. (2016) …

Neuropathic pain and bladder dysfunction represent significant quality-of-life issues for many spinal cord injury patients. Loss of …

The classic view of cortical development, embodied in the radial unit hypothesis, highlights the ventricular radial glia (vRG) scaffold …

Analysis of the composition of heterogeneous tissue has been greatly enabled by recent developments in single-cell transcriptomics. We …

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a diverse and poorly conserved category of transcripts that have expanded greatly in primates, …

The recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) in Brazil has been linked to substantial increases in fetal abnormalities and microcephaly. …

BACKGROUND: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) comprise a diverse class of transcripts that can regulate molecular and cellular processes …

gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory transmitter in the mature brain but is excitatory in the developing cortex. We …

During mammalian neocortical development, newborn excitatory and inhibitory neurons must migrate over long distances to reach their …

Radial glia, the neural stem cells of the neocortex, are located in two niches: the ventricular zone and outer subventricular zone. …

The mammalian neocortex is composed of two major neuronal cell types with distinct origins: excitatory pyramidal neurons and inhibitory …

While thousands of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified, few lncRNAs that control neural stem cell (NSC) behavior are …

Evolutionary expansion of the human neocortex underlies many of our unique mental abilities. This expansion has been attributed to the …

Large-scale surveys of single-cell gene expression have the potential to reveal rare cell populations and lineage relationships but …

Non-neurogenic cell types, such as cortical astroglia and fibroblasts, can be directly converted into neurons by the overexpression of …

Evolutionary expansion of the human neocortex is partially attributed to a relative abundance of neural stem cells in the fetal brain …

Many neurologic and psychiatric disorders are marked by imbalances between neural excitation and inhibition. In the cerebral cortex, …

The ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) is an extensive germinal niche containing neural stem cells (NSCs) in the walls of the …

Ring chromosomes are structural aberrations commonly associated with birth defects, mental disabilities and growth retardation. Rings …

The dramatic increase in neocortical size and folding during mammalian brain evolution has been attributed to the elaboration of the …

Proper lamination of the cerebral cortex is precisely orchestrated, especially when neurons migrate from their place of birth to their …

To better understand the role of radial glial (RG) cells in the evolution of the mammalian cerebral cortex, we investigated the role of …

GABAergic cortical interneurons underlie the complexity of neural circuits and are particularly numerous and diverse in humans. In …

A three-dimensional culture of cortical tissues derived from pluripotent stem cells offers an opportunity to model human brain …

Directed differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) has seen significant progress in recent years. However, most …

The mammalian telencephalon plays critical roles in cognition, motor function, and emotion. Though many of the genes required for its …

Polarization of mammalian neurons with a specified axon requires precise regulation of microtubule and actin dynamics in the developing …

The medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) is an embryonic forebrain structure that generates the majority of cortical interneurons. MGE …

The human neocortex is increased in size and complexity as compared with most other species. Neocortical expansion has recently been …

The 2012 annual meeting of the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) marked the Tenth Anniversary of the ISSCR. Held in …

Recent discoveries concerning the architecture and cellular dynamics of the developing human brain are revealing new differences …

Neuropathic pain is a chronic debilitating disease characterized by mechanical allodynia and spontaneous pain. Because symptoms are …

The precise connectivity of inputs and outputs is critical for cerebral cortex function; however, the cellular mechanisms that …

Cleavage plane orientation has been thought to govern the fate of neural stem cell progeny, but supporting evidence in the neocortex …

Neural stem cells (NSCs) persist in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the adult brain. Location within this germinal region determines …

The size and surface area of the mammalian brain are thought to be critical determinants of intellectual ability. Recent studies show …

The human cerebral cortex is an immensely complex structure that subserves critical functions that can be disrupted in developmental …

A hallmark of mammalian brain evolution is cortical expansion, which reflects an increase in the number of cortical neurons established …

A high incidence of seizures occurs during the neonatal period when immature networks are hyperexcitable and susceptible to …

Radial glial progenitor cells exhibit bidirectional cell cycle-dependent nuclear oscillations. The purpose and underlying mechanism of …

Oligodendrocytes and astrocytes are macroglial cells of the vertebrate central nervous system. These cells have diverse roles in the …

The adult cerebral cortex is composed of excitatory and inhibitory neurons that arise from progenitor cells in disparate proliferative …

Neurons in the developing rodent cortex are generated from radial glial cells that function as neural stem cells. These epithelial …

We investigated a strategy to ameliorate the motor symptoms of rats that received 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions, a rodent model of …

The use of iPSCs and tetraploid complementation for human reproductive cloning would raise profound ethical objections. Professional …

Asymmetric cell division of radial glial progenitors produces neurons while allowing self-renewal; however, little is known about the …

The excitatory neurons of the mammalian cerebral cortex arise from asymmetric divisions of radial glial cells in the ventricular zone …

Of the many signals in the developing nervous system, GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) has been shown to be one of the earliest …

About 30% of patient with epilepsy do not respond to available antiepileptic drugs. In addition to seizure suppression, novel …

Stem cell researchers commonly use human pluripotent stem cell lines derived by other investigators. Researchers may use lines derived …

Glial cells were long considered end products of neural differentiation, specialized supportive cells with an origin very different …

Forebrain subventricular zone (SVZ) progenitor cells give rise to glia and olfactory bulb interneurons during early postnatal life in …

The homeobox transcription factor, Nkx2-1, plays multiple roles during forebrain development. Using restricted genetic ablation of …

The development of a balance between excitatory and inhibitory synapses is a critical process in the generation and maturation of …

In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Falk and colleagues (Falk et al., 2008) demonstrate that differential responsiveness to TGF-beta …

The morphological development of the cerebral cortex from a primitive neuroepithelium into a complex laminar structure underlying …

Neocortical precursor cells undergo symmetric and asymmetric divisions while producing large numbers of diverse cortical cell types. In …

BACKGROUND: Transplantation of cells derived through the manipulation of pluripotent stem cells may involve great uncertainty and the …

Radial glia, the neuronal stem cells of the embryonic cerebral cortex, reside deep within the developing brain and extend radial fibres …

The mammalian cerebral cortex is the most cellularly complex structure in the animal kingdom. Almost all cortical neurons are produced …

Organotypic slice cultures from embryonic rodent brains are widely used to study brain development. While there are often advantages to …

Recent work has begun to identify neural stem and progenitor cells in the embryonic and adult brain, and is unravelling the mechanisms …

In-utero in-vivo injection and electroporation of the embryonic rat neocortex provides a powerful tool for the manipulation of …

In-utero in-vivo injection and electroporation of the embryonic mouse neocortex provides a powerful tool for the manipulation of …

Two distinct populations of cerebral cortical progenitor cells that generate neurons during embryogenesis have been identified: radial …

The dramatic evolutionary expansion of the cerebral cortex of Homo sapiens underlies our unique higher cortical functions, and …

The vertebrate cerebral cortex varies from the 3-layered dorsal cortex of reptiles to the 6-layered lissencephalic cortex …

To obtain electrophysiological recordings in brain slices, sophisticated and expensive pieces of equipment can be used. However, costly …

Interneurons of the cerebral cortex represent a heterogeneous population of cells with important roles in network function. At present, …

Mutations in the human LIS1 gene cause the smooth brain disease classical lissencephaly. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we …

Our knowledge of the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neurons has changed dramatically over the last 10 years. Whereas …

Scientific progress in human embryonic stem cell (hESC) research and increased funding make it imperative to look ahead to the ethical …

The majority of neurons in the adult neocortex are produced embryonically during a brief but intense period of neuronal proliferation. …

Real-time imaging of migrating neurons has changed our understanding of how newborn neurons reach their final positions in the …

Precise patterns of cell division and migration are crucial to transform the neuroepithelium of the embryonic forebrain into the adult …

Glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid, type A (GABA(A)) receptors are members of the ligand-gated ion channel superfamily that mediate …

Early in development of the central nervous system, radial glial cells arise from the neuroepithelial cells lining the ventricles …

Radial glial cells play at least two crucial roles in cortical development: neuronal production in the ventricular zone (VZ) and the …

Recent work suggests that radial glial cells represent many, if not most, of the neuronal progenitors in the developing cortex. …

Previous studies support an early role for neurotransmitter signaling before synaptogenesis, but puzzlingly, a neurological phenotype …

In the mature brain, GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) functions primarily as an inhibitory neurotransmitter. But it can also act as a …

PURPOSE: Cortical dysplasia (CD) is associated with epilepsy in both the pediatric and adult populations. The mechanism underlying …

The embryonic ventricular zone (VZ) of the cerebral cortex contains migrating neurons, radial glial cells, and a large population of …